Authors:

Originality, source citing and plagiarism: Authors are responsible for ensuring the originality of their manuscripts. If authors have used ideas or works of others, these must be appropriately cited and acknowledged. Authors should cite publications that have significantly influenced the research presented in the article. Plagiarism in any form constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

Redundant or duplicate publication: Authors should not submit manuscripts describing the same research already published in another journal. Manuscripts must not be under consideration by another journal at the same time. Simultaneous submission constitutes unethical publishing behavior. Papers presented at scientific conferences may be published in the Journal with the agreement of the conference organizer and the author.

Publication standards: Authors are expected to present accurate data and an objective discussion of their research. The manuscript should contain sufficient detail and references to permit replication of the research. Deliberate misrepresentation of data is unethical and unacceptable. Authors may be asked to provide raw data for editorial review and should be prepared to provide access to such data where appropriate and in accordance with ethical and legal considerations. Authors should retain data for a reasonable period after publication.

Authorship: Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the research. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Others who contributed to the work should be acknowledged. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflict of interest: Authors must disclose any financial or other conflicts of interest that may influence the results or interpretation of their work. Sources of financial support must be clearly stated.

Revealing significant errors: If authors discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they must promptly notify the editor and cooperate in retracting or correcting the article. If a third party informs the editor of an error, authors must either correct the article or provide evidence supporting its accuracy.

Editor / Editorial Board

Responsibility: The Editor is responsible for deciding which submitted articles will be published. The Editor may consult with other editors and reviewers when making this decision. The Editor is also responsible for maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record.

Fairness and confidentiality: Manuscripts are evaluated solely on their intellectual merit, without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy. Submissions by editors or editorial board members are handled in a manner that ensures unbiased review. The Editor and Editorial Board must not disclose any information about submitted manuscripts except to those directly involved in the publication process.

Academic integrity: The Editorial Board is committed to upholding high standards of academic integrity. The Editor will take appropriate action in cases of suspected misconduct, including issuing corrections, clarifications, or retractions where necessary. All complaints regarding ethical issues will be investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines.

Conflict of interest: Unpublished materials disclosed in submitted manuscripts must not be used in the Editor’s own research without the author’s consent. Editors must recuse themselves from handling manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest. Editorial decisions must not be influenced by commercial interests. In handling retractions, corrections, and ethical concerns, the Journal adheres to COPE guidelines.

Reviewers:

Qualification and promptness: Reviewers should decline to review manuscripts for which they are not qualified or cannot review in a timely manner.

Objectivity: Reviews should be conducted objectively and supported by clear arguments. Personal criticism of authors is inappropriate.

Citing sources: Reviewers should identify relevant published work not cited by the authors. They should also inform the Editor of any substantial similarity or overlap with other published works.

Confidentiality: Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents and must not be shared without the Editor’s permission.

Conflict of interest: Reviewers must not evaluate manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest arising from relationships with authors, institutions, or organizations.

ETHICAL COMPLAINTS AND RETRACTION POLICY

All reported cases of unethical publishing behavior will be investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines, which may include contacting the authors, reviewers, and relevant institutions. If significant errors or irregularities are identified after publication, the Editorial Board will issue a correction or retract the article.

After publication, errors that affect the meaning of the content or relate to data or citations may be corrected. A correction notice, including a list of changes, the date of the original publication, the date of the correction, and a link to the original article, will be added alongside the corrected article.

Retraction of an article will be carried out in cases of significant errors that invalidate the results or conclusions of the article, as well as in cases of unethical conduct (e.g., plagiarism, data manipulation). In such cases, the article will not be removed but will remain available with a clear indication that it has been retracted, along with a notice stating the reasons for retraction, in order to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record. The decision to retract an article is made by the Editorial Board in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines (https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines).